One of my favorite pastimes is watching college sports. When I was starting out my career, I considered sports reporting as an option, but I peaked in that regard in my role as Sports Editor of The Michigan Daily in 1968.
That was long before money was allowed in college sports. Athletes played all four years for their school's team and were forbidden from making money, which occasionally led to scandals involving over-zealous alumni channeling them secret payments, which in turn led to sanctions by the NCAA.
We covered all that and more at the Daily.
But in 2021, under “Name, Image, and Likeness” (NIL) program, the amateur era of college sports came to an abrupt end. Just this week, for example, a Mississippi State football player signed a deal to be paid $7.5 million for the upcoming season.
The median amount earned by student athletes is still only around $1,000 from NIL, and just one percent of them earn above $50,000. And so far, those landing million-dollar deals number in the dozens, but this tremendous new disparity between the stars and everyone else may be undermining team dynamics on a number of levels.
One of tne scholars who believes there is a corrosive effect, Anna Agafonova at USC’s Sports Conflict Institute, reports that:
In Power Five programs, starting quarterbacks command seven-figure deals while offensive linemen, whose protection enables those quarterbacks’ success, receive nominal compensation. This disparity doesn’t just create jealousy; it fundamentally alters team dynamics.
When teammates invest equal time, effort, and sacrifice yet receive vastly different compensation, cognitive dissonance emerges.
This tension manifests in reduced effort during practice, diminished sacrifice for teammates, and fractured locker room relationships.
This can result in a “thief of joy” for the players. This disconnect between contribution and compensation violates fundamental fairness principles that underpin team cohesion.3
Perhaps this is a partial explanation for something I’ve been wondering about as a fan. Is it just me, or does there seem to be a perplexing instability with our college teams these days? As long as they are winning, all is good, but when the wins stop coming, their team chemistry just seems to collapse.
That chemistry depends on leadership and the ability of young people to learn to band together over time, and in overcoming adversity in the form of injuries, mistakes and bad luck. The best college coaches know how to promote this and strive for resiliency among the athletes they supervise.
Back when everyone was equal in terms of compensation (none), and players stayed with the same team for their entire college career, building chemistry through resilience was still difficult. But now, with star players frequently switching schools chasing the big money, it seems infinitely harder to achieve. The best coaches can still forge it, but they too are now on the move, seeking ever-larger paychecks as well.
Nevertheless, there may be a silver lining to NIL deals.
The official online reporting portal for monitoring third-party collegiate financial deals is NIL Go. And although money in college sports has generally increased the disparity between male and female athletes, recently there has been a large surge in NIL deals for women basketball players.
They now rank third in overall NIL earnings across all collegiate sports, and female athletes average a 5.5 percent engagement rate on social media, generating up to seven times more social engagement per deal than their male counterparts. [1]
Other high-earning women's categories include softball (which is the fifth-ranking across all sports), as well as golf, tennis, and gymnastics. [1, 2, 3] Overall team chemistry seems stronger among the women's teams, and that is probably due to differences in the way genders play and compete in general.
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