By legend, Albert Einstein was a lone genius, coming up with ideas and concepts nobody else thought of. But according to a revealing article called “Not a Lone Genius” by CalTech professor Diana Kormos-Buchwald, the truth is more complicated. She based her article on The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein, a 16-volume series of books co-edited by numerous scholars.
“He was not the genius working in an attic with a pen and paper,” she says. “Einstein may not have been working with large teams, but he was deeply embedded in the science community. Colleagues gave him advice and encouragement, but also criticized his work. And he, in turn, was instrumental in guiding and challenging others.”
The article notes that Einstein developed his special theory of relativity in 1905 with help from his college friend Michele Besso and his first wife, Mileva Marić.
He later perfected his general theory of relativity in 1915 with help from both Besso and another college friend, mathematician Marcel Grossmann.
Perhaps most illustrative of all was his involvement in experiments with younger physicists to test the structure of radiation and matter, and ultimately the development of the ground-breaking field of quantum mechanics. When approached by one of his young colleagues about being listed as a co-author on an important paper on that topic, Einstein demurred:
“I just don’t know whether I should count as a co-author since after all you did all the work...”
Einstein was a tinkerer and inventor of gadgets, including a patented refrigerating system. And he was an original thinker, who indeed came up with brilliant ideas. But perhaps his true genius was as a synthesizer, a collaborator, and a mentor of younger people.
And there might be a lesson in that for the rest of us.
(I published an earlier version of this in 2021.)
HEADLINES:
Republicans cancel votes amid fight over Trump’s ‘anti-weaponization’ fund (NBC)
GOP leaders abruptly cancel House vote on Iran war powers, shielding Trump from rebuke (CNN)
Backlash to Trump’s $1.8B settlement fund delays GOP immigration bill (AP)
Trump says he’s sending 5,000 more troops to Poland (NPR)
The Supreme Court turns its back on 60 years of Black enfranchisement (FT)
Autopsy of the autopsy: How the DNC’s 2024 post-mortem turned into a crisis (CNN)
CNN chief data analyst Harry Enten said the longtime Democratic “fantasy” of turning Texas blue could actually happen in this year’s U.S. Senate race. “The GOP is right to be scared,” he wrote on X. (HuffPost)
Russia and China condemn US over indictment of former Cuban leader (BBC)
Iran is consolidating control of Hormuz (Reuters)
This hard-line Iranian general is a major player in talks with US over war (AP)
Iran reviews U.S. peace proposal as Trump says he’s willing to wait ‘a few days’ (CNBC)
Russia flexes its nuclear muscles as tensions rise with NATO. (Reuters)
UN backs historic climate crisis ruling, despite US attempts to stop resolution (Guardian)
Trump tried to silence late-night hosts. They’re mocking him even more. (WP)
RFK Jr. fires leaders of group that sets guidelines for preventive health screenings (AP)
How Europe is fighting for digital sovereignty (Economist)
SpaceX reveals plans for what could be the biggest-ever IPO (AP)
This Literary AI Scandal Changes Everything (Atlantic)
The White House tore down AI rules. Now it’s building new defenses. (WP)
Trump calls off AI executive order over concern it could weaken US tech edge (AP)
Meta Lays Off 8,000 Employees, as A.I. Casualties Mount (NYT)
Shai Gilgeous-Alexander Trying To Draw Foul While Shooting Free Throw (Onion)